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Farmacia Hospitalaria
Farmacia Hospitalaria

Angiology and Vascular Surgery

Consultants

Superficial Venous Thrombosis (thrombophlebitis)

tromboflebitis

This is venous inflammation with confirmed thrombosis of the superficial veins in any location. It is 2-4 times more common than venous thromboembolic disease. It occurs mainly in women, with an average age of 60, the most common location is in the lower limbs (long saphenous vein).

 

In 88% of cases it appears in addition to varicose veins. When it appears in healthy veins it is usually associated with systemic disease, thrombophilia or cancer.

 

At the time of diagnosis, 25% of patients have concurrent VTD.

 
 

 
 

Risk factors

  • Age (>40)
  • Prolonged immobilization
  • Previous DVT or pulmonary embolism
  • Chronic venous insufficiency
  • Pregnancy/postpartum
  • Trauma
  • Obesity
  • Long journeys
  • Drugs: oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, tamoxifen, chemotherapy
  • Associated with surgery: orthopaedic surgery, major surgery (mainly abdominal, neurosurgical or pelvic), central venous catheter in situ

Symptoms

  • Pain and tenderness
  • Heat
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Bulging vein, making it palpable

Diagnosis

  • Diagnosis is essentially clinical on displaying the following: pain, erythema, swelling, venous cord.
  • Doppler ultrasound allows us to confirm diagnosis and rule out complications.

Treatment

  • Consists of anti-coagulation, anti-inflammatory drugs and compression stockings.
  • Treatment decreases symptoms and prevents recurrence and progression of thrombosis into development of severe forms of VTD, basically DVT and PE.

 

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